During his latest presidential campaign, Donald Trump spent weeks threatening China, Mexico, Canada, and the E.U. with higher duties unless their leaders took specific action, such as fighting illegal migration or buying more American energy exports. Many companies are now rushing to ship as many goods as possible across the Pacific Ocean and into the United States before Trump’s inauguration on January 20th.
In the first round of the trade war (‘18-’19), China reacted with a tit-for-tat strategy, implementing its own taxes on imports from the United States to match the United States’ tactics. Chinese authorities have threatened to leverage a new range of economic tools. For example, just days after the United States’ latest restrictions, Chinese President Xi Jinping opened a probe into Nvidia Corp., a dominant U.S.-based computer manufacturing company, banned the export of several rare materials with military applications, and limited sales of key components used to build drones.
Retaliation is not limited to China; for example, Canada is considering export taxes on major commodities shipped to the U.S., including uranium, oil, and potash.
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